Can I give my dog a human pain killer? Never give a dog a human pain killer. If your dog needs pain medication, consult with your veterinarian. Common substances in pain medications made for humans are toxic to dogs. There are many examples, but the most common include: Acetaminophen – destroys a dog’s red blood cells, leading to anemia, liver damage, and possibly death Ibuprofen – causes general illness and kidney damage in dogs NSAIDs – causes ulcers, liver, and kidney damage If your dog isn’t feeling well, call your veterinarian or a pet ER.